{"id":6328,"date":"2022-05-06T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-06T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/?p=6328"},"modified":"2025-08-04T11:51:11","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T09:51:11","slug":"tipos-diabetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/salud\/types-diabetes\/","title":{"rendered":"Types of diabetes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Our body is constantly controlling our glucose levels (glucose balance). <br><\/br>This process is known as <strong>glucose homeostasis<\/strong>. It involves two very important hormones secreted by the pancreas are involved: <strong>insulin<\/strong> and <strong>glucagon<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When our glucose levels drop too low, our body secretes <\/span><strong>glucagon<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It is responsible for <\/span><strong>activating<\/strong> <strong>gluconeogenesis<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (synthesis of glucose) and degrading glycogen in order to obtain glucose molecules (<\/span><strong>glycogenolysis<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">). <br><\/br>Conversely, if our blood <\/span><strong>glucose<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> levels are very <\/span><strong>high<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, our body will secrete <\/span><strong>insulin<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. This hormone <\/span><strong>stimulates<\/strong> <strong>glycogenogenesis<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> (synthesis of glycogen from glucose) and the <\/span><strong>GLUT4 pathway<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. This is the dominant mechanism for removing blood glucose in muscle and fat after a meal.<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"587\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4-1024x587.png\" alt=\"GLUT4 pathway - glucose disposal\" class=\"wp-image-6553\" style=\"width:791px;height:453px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4-1024x587.png 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4-768x440.png 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4-1536x880.png 1536w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/via-GLUT4.png 1924w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When this <\/span><strong>hormonal balance is broken<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, diabetes appears. There are several reasons why this balance can be broken (different types of diabetes). The most common types are:<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:37px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"330\" height=\"205\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/homeostasis_glucosa_Gif.gif\" alt=\"Glucose Homeostasis - Insulin\/glucagon glucose regulation\" class=\"wp-image-6330\" style=\"width:524px;height:325px\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Type 1: Diabetes Mellitus<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bebe-diabetes-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6333\" style=\"width:335px;height:223px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bebe-diabetes-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bebe-diabetes-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bebe-diabetes-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bebe-diabetes-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/bebe-diabetes.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Type 1 diabetes is also known as <\/span><strong>diabetes mellitus <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<br><\/br>It is due to <\/span><strong>an insufficient or non-existent production of insulin<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It develops in the early stages of life and is characterized by an <\/span><strong>autoimmune reaction<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas (the organism itself destroys the beta cells).<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is estimated that the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/corporate-news\/what-is-heritability-inside\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">heritability<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of type 1 diabetes (percentage of the disease due to genetic factors) is around 60%. <br><\/br>However, not all the mechanisms or variants associated with this estimated heritability are known. That is why the genetic markers that we analyze in our<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/es\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ADNTRO<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> reports explain about 22% that is known to be heritability.<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Type 2 Diabetes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is the <\/span><strong>most common<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> type of diabetes. It appears in <\/span><strong>adulthood<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and is due to a decrease in insulin response - or secretion of it. <br><\/br><\/span><strong>Insulin resistance<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> occurs when cells do not respond well to insulin and cannot absorb glucose from the blood easily. This is due to the ineffectiveness of insulin in our body, while the <\/span><strong>alteration of insulin secretion<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is due to defects in the beta pancreatic cells.<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"379\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sobrepeso-diabetes.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6334\" style=\"width:488px;height:285px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sobrepeso-diabetes.webp 650w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sobrepeso-diabetes-300x175.webp 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/sobrepeso-diabetes-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Among the risk factors we find are: age, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, inadequate diet, and genetics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The genetic predisposition to suffer from this disease is highly heritable. It is estimated that the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/corporate-news\/what-is-heritability-inside\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">heritability<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of type 2 diabetes (percentage of the disease due to genetic factors) is 40-70%.<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, to date, not all the mechanisms and variants associated with this estimated heritability are known. This is why the genetic markers we analyze in our ADNTRO reports explain about 20% and are coined the term explained heritability.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"262\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/embarazo-diabetes.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6335\" style=\"width:181px;height:232px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/embarazo-diabetes.png 262w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/embarazo-diabetes-235x300.png 235w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/embarazo-diabetes-9x12.png 9w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 262px) 100vw, 262px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gestational diabetes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a <\/span><strong>temporary diabetes<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that develops in about 5% of pregnancies <\/span> due to hormonal changes<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It usually disappears shortly after childbirth. <br><\/br>However, mothers who have had gestational diabetes (and their children born when when they had it) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future.<\/span><\/p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:39px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>What are you waiting for to find out your genetic predisposition to <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/dna-kit\/genetic-test-diseases\/\">have type 1 and 2 diabetes<\/a>? With the <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/\">DNA TEST<\/a> is very simple. Remember, if you are already genotyped with another company, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/upload-your-raw-adn-landing\/\">upload your RAW DNA data for free<\/a> to ADNTRO.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In our body there is a constant control of the amount of glucose available to our body (blood glucose). This process is known as glucose homeostasis in which two very important hormones secreted by the pancreas are involved: insulin and glucagon. When glucose levels drop too low our body [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6331,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[430],"tags":[42,304,308,305,306,310,309,49,311,51,93],"class_list":["post-6328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-salud","tag-adntro","tag-diabetes","tag-diabetes-gestacional","tag-diabetes-tipo-1","tag-diabetes-tipo-2","tag-glucagon","tag-glut4","tag-heredabilidad","tag-insulina","tag-snps","tag-variantes-geneticas"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfConoces los distintos tipos de diabetes? | ADNTRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00bfInteresado en los distintos tipos de diabetes? 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