{"id":12795,"date":"2024-01-19T12:59:30","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T11:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/?p=12795"},"modified":"2025-11-10T10:03:49","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T09:03:49","slug":"histamina-dao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/nutrigenetics\/histamine-dao\/","title":{"rendered":"The role of histamine and the DAO enzyme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Do you have <strong>headache<\/strong> Did you know that you can be <strong>histamine intolerant<\/strong>? Find out how your body metabolizes histamine, what role your genes play, and how your body metabolizes histamine. <strong>DAO enzyme<\/strong> in all of this and how a <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/genetic-nutritional-test-report\/\">nutrigenetic test<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1792\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina.png\" alt=\"Foods rich in histamine\" class=\"wp-image-12930\" style=\"width:409px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina.png 1792w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina-1024x585.png 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina-768x439.png 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina-1536x878.png 1536w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/alimento-histamina-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1792px) 100vw, 1792px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Histamine functions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Histamine is commonly associated with allergies, but the truth is that it plays several roles in our body.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\">On the one hand, it acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain, increasing alertness and affecting <b>sleep cycles<\/b>. Histamine levels naturally increase in the morning hours and help us feel more awake at the start of the day. Whereas during the night, blocking histamine receptors in the brain causes drowsiness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\">On the other hand, <b>immune system cells<\/b>, such as mast cells, release histamine in response to pathogens, allergens and inflammatory components (cytokines). This release is regulated by circadian rhythm genes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><b>Excess histamine<\/b> in our body can be a problem when our body is not able to eliminate it properly. Excessive levels of histamine can cause <b>headaches, swelling, itching, hives, digestive problems, rapid heartbeat, anxiety and flushing<\/b>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Histamine levels and genetics - DAO and HNMT enzymes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Histamine levels are controlled by systems that degrade histamine, involving enzymes such as DAO and HNMT.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ADN-1024x574.webp\" alt=\"Histamine and genetics\" class=\"wp-image-12799\" style=\"width:491px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ADN-1024x574.webp 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ADN-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ADN-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ADN-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/ADN.webp 1456w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Diamine oxidase enzyme (DAO)<\/b>: removes histamine from <b>food<\/b>. DAO enzyme is produced in the villi lining the small intestine and is released to metabolize histamine, mainly from the diet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Histamine methyltransferase (HNMT) enzyme<\/b>:\nThe HNMT enzyme works throughout the body, including in the brain, to deactivate and break down histamine, especially that created by the cells themselves (mast cells).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Genetic variants in these two genes can affect the way histamine is broken down and eliminated in the body.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Histamine levels can be modulated by the cells' own production or by diet, by ingesting foods rich in histamine. The cells that produce histamine are mast cells, which release histamine when activated by pathogens and allergens. However, mast cells also release histamine in the presence of certain inflammatory components (inflammatory cytokines) and immune system cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Factors that increase histamine levels<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Factors such as genetics, alcohol, estrogens, alcoholism and <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/salud\/biological-aging\/\">aging<\/a>In addition, allergies and diet can increase histamine levels.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"255\" height=\"198\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/histamina.png\" alt=\"Histamine\" class=\"wp-image-12798\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/histamina.png 255w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/histamina-15x12.png 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 255px) 100vw, 255px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Genetics<\/b>: having genetic variants that decrease our body's ability to degrade histamine (<em>DAO<\/em> and <em>HMNT<\/em>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Alcohol<\/b>: Alcohol consumption is often a problem for people with histamine intolerance because alcohol inhibits the function of the DAO enzyme (enzyme that degrades histamine from ingested food). Some hangover symptoms (headache, behavioral inhibition, dizziness, movement imbalance) have been shown to be caused by high histamine levels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Estrogens<\/b>: Mast cells have estrogen receptors on the cell surface. This may make them more easily activated when estrogen levels are high or when estrogen levels fluctuate (associated with the menstrual cycle or perimenopause).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Age<\/b>: Mast cells increase with age. A recent animal study shows that mast cells increase in the gut and brain with aging.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Allergies<\/b>: activates the production of mast cells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\" translation-block\"><b>Histamine-rich foods<\/b>: Histamine-rich foods include fermented products (such as cheese or wine) and processed meats, among others.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:16px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Histamine and sleep problems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\">Alterations in histamine levels can cause <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/salud\/the-importance-of-sleep\/\" target=\"_self\">sleep<\/a> problems known as early awakening insomnia, characterized by waking up in the middle of the night (around 4 a.m.) without being able to fall asleep again quickly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\"><b>Mast cells release a basal level of histamine throughout the day<\/b>. This release is controlled by genes central to the circadian rhythm and by certain hormones, such as melatonin. The increase in melatonin drives sleep and causes our circadian rhythm to signal us that it is time to sleep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\" translation-block\">The control of histamine by mast cells and melatonin is due to the fact that mast cells have melatonin receptors on their surface. When <b>melatonin binds to mast cells, it decreases mast cell activation<\/b>. A very similar process occurs with antihistamines. This type of drugs are used to treat allergies and most of them generate drowsiness because they reduce the amount of histamine in our organism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The use of electronic devices decreases melatonin production and may play a role in mast cell activation. This can generate a mismatch in the histamine levels generated by the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:48px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">How do you metabolize histamine? Find out with the ADNTRO <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/\">DNA TEST<\/a> or by <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/upload-your-raw\/\" target=\"_self\">uploading your raw file<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you get a headache when you drink cheese or wine? Did you know that you may be histamine intolerant? Find out how your body metabolizes histamine, what role your genes and the DAO enzyme play in this and how a nutrigenetic test can help you. Functions of histamine Histamine is commonly associated with allergies, but [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":12930,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[555,18,556,557,558,20],"class_list":["post-12795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nutrigenetica","tag-dao","tag-genetica","tag-histamina","tag-hnmt","tag-intolerancia","tag-snp"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Histamina y enzima DAO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Descubre el papel de la histamina en nuestro organismo y c\u00f3mo la enzima DAO y la enzima HMNT juegan un importante papel gracias a tus genes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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Ferreiro","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/de\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ddaa4448bc53192d65c596cd5119749fb4d7167a3b3d7931d8b0470a2021bdc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ddaa4448bc53192d65c596cd5119749fb4d7167a3b3d7931d8b0470a2021bdc3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Sandra Ferreiro"},"description":"Bioinform\u00e1tica y Responsable del \u00e1rea cient\u00edfica en ADNTRO. Biotecn\u00f3loga por la Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, donde recibi\u00f3 dos becas de expediente acad\u00e9mico brillante. Estuvo trabajando en un proyecto de investigaci\u00f3n sobre la asimetr\u00eda izquierda-derecha en Newcastle, siendo premiada en la Conferencia del Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Cardiovascular Trainees Meeting como el mejor p\u00f3ster (2018). Complet\u00f3 un m\u00e1ster en Biolog\u00eda Computacional en la Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid. All\u00ed estudi\u00f3 las redes de interacci\u00f3n metab\u00f3lica en el microbioma de pacientes con Enfermedad de Chron y Colitis Ulcerosa en el centro de investigaci\u00f3n CBGP, centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa (2020). Desde el 2020 es Bioinform\u00e1tica en ADNTRO donde desarrolla modelos predictivos, realiza anotaciones y an\u00e1lisis de variantes patog\u00e9nicas, investigaci\u00f3n de literatura GWAS y divulgaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/sandra-ferreiro-lpez-78804016a\/"],"url":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/author\/sandra\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12795","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12795"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12795\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18040,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12795\/revisions\/18040"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12795"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12795"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}