{"id":1097,"date":"2020-09-10T17:20:09","date_gmt":"2020-09-10T15:20:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adntro.com\/?p=1097"},"modified":"2026-03-26T09:57:41","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T08:57:41","slug":"haplogrupos-la-huella-de-un-gran-viaje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/ancestry\/haplogroups-the-footprint-of-a-great-journey\/","title":{"rendered":"Haplogroups. The mark of a great journey."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Haplogroups are an important section within the report of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/test-dna-genetic-report-origin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-light-green-cyan-color\">ancestors<\/span><\/a><\/strong>, to get an idea of what they are, we can imagine them as the <strong>branches of the family tree of the<em> Homo sapiens<\/em><\/strong>, so that each haplogroup includes people with similar genetic profiles who share a common ancestor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"el-largo-viaje-del-ser-humano\">The long journey of the human being<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, the human being occupies practically the entire planet, but originally this was not the case, <strong>the <em>Homo sapiens<\/em> originated in Africa<\/strong>, <strong>and<\/strong> <strong>it was spreading little by little throughout the planet<\/strong>. Haplogroups tell us how demographic groups have shifted on the planet. It is like <strong>the trail that they have left in their wake<\/strong> the different demographic groups of <em>Homo sapiens<\/em> on its long colonizing path. The oldest haplogroups are larger and more dispersed, from which many subgroups more focused on certain regions descend.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"475\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-1024x475.jpg\" alt=\"haplogroup travel \" class=\"wp-image-5484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-1024x475.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-300x139.jpg 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-768x356.jpg 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO.jpg 1141w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"como-se-analizan-los-haplogrupos\">How are haplogroups analyzed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>To determine a haplogroup<strong> the following should be analyzed <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/blog\/learn-genetics\/what-are-snps\/\">SNPs<\/a> or polymorphisms<\/strong> relevant, on the one hand <strong>at <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mitochondrial_DNA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-light-green-cyan-color\">Mitochondrial DNA<\/mark><\/a><\/strong> and on the other <strong>at <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Y_chromosome\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-light-green-cyan-color\">Y chromosome<\/mark><\/a><\/strong>. From these analyses it is possible to confirm a person's membership in a particular haplogroup, as well as to trace the ramifications of haplogroups and their respective subgroups back to our African origin and to discover the migratory movements of our early ancestors. While haplogroups<strong> they do not have a relevant role from a genealogical point of view<\/strong> (the most recent are from about a thousand years ago), <strong>they are interesting from an anthropological and historical point of view <\/strong>(antiquity and prehistory). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"el-padre-originario-o-adan-del-cromosoma-y\"><strong>The original father or Adam of the Y chromosome<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>An <strong>paternal lineage<\/strong> or <strong>Y chromosome haplogroup<\/strong> includes <strong>males who share a common ancestor only through the paternal line<\/strong>. The Y chromosome is always transmitted from father to son, therefore women will not have this haplogroup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The call <strong>Adam from the Y chromosome<\/strong>, is not the original father of all human beings, but it is the <strong>last male related to all males<\/strong> along a line of exclusively male descendants. According to recent estimates, this man lived in Africa about 60,000 to 90,000 years ago. <strong>He passed on his Y chromosome<\/strong>but in every generation they are gone <strong>producing <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mutation\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"has-inline-color has-light-green-cyan-color\">mutations<\/span><\/a><\/strong>, which has been modifying the profile. <strong>Hence the haplogroups arose<\/strong>, each with their respective and only founding father, that is, the first man to be a carrier of that mutation. Over time, the family tree of genes becomes larger and more complex. New SNPs are constantly appearing, which in turn define new subgroups.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_adntro_paternal-1024x473.jpg\" alt=\"map haplogroups paternal lineage\" class=\"wp-image-5897\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_adntro_paternal-1024x473.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_adntro_paternal-300x139.jpg 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_adntro_paternal-768x355.jpg 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_adntro_paternal-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_adntro_paternal.jpg 1139w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Paternal lineage haplogroups map<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-madre-originaria-o-eva-mitocondrial\"><strong><strong>The original mother or mitochondrial Eve<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>An <strong>maternal lineage <\/strong>or <strong>mitochondrial DNA haplogroup<\/strong>, includes <strong>women and men who share a common ancestor through the maternal line<\/strong>. Mitochondrial DNA is always transmitted by the mother to all her children (female and male).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Mitochondrial Eve<\/strong> is the woman who <strong>has passed on its mitochondrial DNA to all humans<\/strong>. She is, so to speak, <strong>the original mother of all human beings<\/strong>. It lived about 175,000 years ago, also in Africa.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to the mitonchondrial Eve, there are numerous original mothers descended from Eve. These give rise to a haplogroup by being the first to carry the corresponding mutation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"475\" src=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-1024x475.jpg\" alt=\"haplogroup map maternal lineage\" class=\"wp-image-5895\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-1024x475.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-300x139.jpg 300w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-768x356.jpg 768w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/adntro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/haplogrupos_ADNTRO.jpg 1141w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Maternal lineage haplogroups map<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>And now that you know what haplogroups are, aren't you eager to know yours? Become our <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/test-dna-genetic-report-origin\/\">DNA test of origin<\/a>enter <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/app.adntro.com\/ancestry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-light-green-cyan-color\">Ancestry<\/mark><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/adntro.com\/en\/dna-kit\/test-dna-origin\/\">and discover the path of your primitive ancestors.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haplogroups are an important section within the ancestry report, to get an idea of what they are, we can imagine them as the branches of the Homo sapiens family tree, so that each haplogroup includes people with similar genetic profiles who share a common ancestor.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[39,25],"class_list":["post-1097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ancestria","tag-ancestria","tag-diferencias-en-el-adn"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Haplogrupos: La huella de un gran viaje | ADNTRO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Los haplogrupos muestran la expansi\u00f3n del ser humano primitivo. 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Biotecn\u00f3loga por la Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, donde recibi\u00f3 dos becas de expediente acad\u00e9mico brillante. Estuvo trabajando en un proyecto de investigaci\u00f3n sobre la asimetr\u00eda izquierda-derecha en Newcastle, siendo premiada en la Conferencia del Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Cardiovascular Trainees Meeting como el mejor p\u00f3ster (2018). Complet\u00f3 un m\u00e1ster en Biolog\u00eda Computacional en la Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid. All\u00ed estudi\u00f3 las redes de interacci\u00f3n metab\u00f3lica en el microbioma de pacientes con Enfermedad de Chron y Colitis Ulcerosa en el centro de investigaci\u00f3n CBGP, centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa (2020). 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